For the Orange King Job, as far as I tested, you gain progress towards 'Damage Opponents in Orange' when attacking friendlies. It makes progress incredibly easy to just slap one with a damage boosted weapon as they don't die and thus give full damage points towards the progress.
https://imgur.com/a/zIQRwoL
On further testing, it appears that it gives progress on any hit, regardless if the damage actually takes place, as in cases of both spawn invincibility and friendly.
P.S. Job tag when?